1 - January - 2013

1 - January - 2013

1 - January - 2014

1 - January - 2014

1 - January - 1994

"The integration of UAVs with IoT has unlocked significant advancements in autonomous data collection and real-time decision-making. UAVs are equipped with sensors, cameras, and GPS modules that enable them to connect with IoT ecosystems for tasks like precision farming, remote sensing, and last-mile delivery. However, this integration also introduces vulnerabilities that adversaries can exploit, such as jamming, spoofing, and unauthorized data access. This section provides an overview of UAV-based IoT applications and highlights the importance of securing these systems

1 - March - 2025

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are becoming increasingly integrated into various critical sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and industrial automation. As these systems evolve, the need for robust security mechanisms becomes ever more pressing. Anomaly detection has emerged as a crucial technique for identifying malicious activities and potential failures in these systems. This paper explores the key anomaly detection techniques used to secure CPS, emphasizing statistical, machine learning, and deep learning approaches. The review highlights their applications, strengths, challenges, and discusses potential future directions to enhance the security of CPS in the face of evolving cyber threats.

1 - December - 2024

"User authentication is critical in modern cybersecurity frameworks. Traditional methods like passwords and PINs are increasingly vulnerable to phishing, reuse, and brute-force attacks. This paper introduces an advanced hybrid authentication framework that combines AI-driven facial recognition, blockchain-enabled device authentication, adaptive liveness detection, and behavioral biometrics.

1 - July - 2025

"As cities progress into smart urban environments, the security and reliability of data exchanges become critical concerns. The seamless functioning of smart cities relies on the continuous transmission of data across interconnected systems, such as transportation, energy, public safety, and healthcare. However, this vast interconnection exposes cities to heightened vulnerabilities, including cyberattacks, data breaches,

1 - June - 2025

تستكشف هذه المقالة مفهوم "المناعة السيبرانية العصبية ذاتية التعلم" (SLNCI)، وهو نموذج يدمج الذكاء الاصطناعي مع مبادئ المناعة البيولوجية لإنشاء أنظمة دفاع سيبراني متكيفة ومستقلة ضد التهديدات المتقدمة وثغرات اليوم الصفر. من خلال دمج الشبكات العصبية مع أنظمة المناعة الاصطناعية (AIS)، يقدم هذا النهج دفاعاً استباقياً قادراً على التطور المستمر ومواجهة التهديدات الناشئة. يمكنكم الاطلاع على كامل المقال المترجم أعلاه.

1 - January - 2026

"With global data center energy consumption reaching 415 TWh in 2024 and projected to double by 2030 due to the artificial intelligence boom, a critical question emerges: where will we house this immense computational capacity? The compass of scientific and engineering research is pointing toward the open sea, where ocean depths offer a unique natural solution to both energy and cooling challenges. This article reviews the latest engineering frameworks for constructing underwater data centers, drawing on results from Microsoft's Project Natick, the pioneering Chinese model in Shanghai, and academic frameworks published in Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering. We analyze how these systems are transforming from mere concepts into massive metallic entities descending into the depths, becoming the essential infrastructure for the era of 'green artificial intelligence'."

1 - January - 2026

The rapid digitization of global economies has generated an unintended environmental consequence: the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector now contributes an estimated 1.5% to 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions, a figure comparable to the aviation industry. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for Green ICT that addresses environmental sustainability across the entire digital ecosystem. Drawing on foundational models and contemporary case studies, the proposed framework integrates four vertical pillars—Lifecycle Management, End-User IT, Enterprise and Data Centre Infrastructure, and IT as a Low-Carbon Enabler—with five horizontal action dimensions: Attitude, Policies, Practices, Technologies, and Metrics. The framework incorporates recent advances in renewable energy procurement, AI-driven optimization, circular economy principles, and standardization efforts

1 - January - 2026

This document provides a comprehensive guide to strengthening information security systems within organizations. It focuses on strategies across physical, digital, and human domains to ensure the integrity, reliability, and continuity of operations. Key topics include physical security measures, data protection practices, access control, employee awareness, and advanced monitoring technologies. These measures aim to mitigate risks stemming from cyber threats, natural disasters, and internal security vulnerabilities, thereby contributing to a robust security framework.

1 - January - 2025

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has revolutionized multiple domains, with education among the most promising beneficiaries. In the context of competitive exam preparation, candidates often struggle with overwhelming syllabi, uneven learning progress, and generic study materials that fail to adapt to individual needs. Traditional learning platforms typically provide standardized content without assessing user proficiency or adjusting to personal learning pace, resulting in inefficiency and low retention rates. To address these challenges, this research proposes an AI-powered, personalized exam preparation assistant that intelligently adapts to each learner’s requirements using machine learning.

5 - March - 2026

"Modern nuclear reactors increasingly rely on advanced communication technologies to support instrumentation, control, monitoring, maintenance, and plant-wide coordination. As nuclear facilities become more digitalized, communication systems are no longer auxiliary components; they are now integral to the plant's instrumentation and control (I&C) architecture and therefore to operational safety and reliability. Recent research has identified 5G, wireless sensor networks, free-space optical communication, and other digital networking solutions as promising technologies for selected nuclear applications, particularly those requiring flexibility, mobility, and reduced cabling complexity. However, the introduction of these technologies into nuclear environments is constrained by severe requirements for reliability, environmental robustness, cyber resilience, and regulatory acceptance."

1 - May - 2026

Biometric authentication has undergone a paradigm shift from single-modal physical characteristics to sophisticated multimodal systems incorporating behavioral traits, continuous authentication, and advanced presentation attack detection. This evolution is driven by the increasing need for robust, adaptive, and user-centric identity verification mechanisms in digitally connected ecosystems. With global losses from identity fraud exceeding $50 billion in 2024 and deepfake incidents quadrupling between 2023 and 2024, the security community faces unprecedented challenges in verifying digital identity.These developments highlight the critical importance of integrating advanced detection and mitigation strategies into authentication pipelines. .

2 - April - 2026

The volume and variety of data from streams of sensor data to the unstructured text contained in emails have created a disjunction between when data is available and when it is utilized in timely and trustworthy ways. Knowledge that is not used is inert. This paper provides a closed-loop cognitive architecture for changing data into information, information into knowledge, knowledge into action, and action outcomes into better future knowledge and decision-making. It uses ontologies, knowledge graphs, temporal logic, probabilistic models, deep learning, anticipated utility, robust optimization, and reinforcement learning.

3 - March - 2026

Syria’s digital reconstruction offers a unique opportunity to deploy a next-generation distributed computinginfrastructure that leverages three strategic international gateways (IGWs): a submarine cable from Cyprus to Tartus (10 Tbps),a terrestrial link from Jordan to Damascus (10 Tbps), and a terrestrial link from Turkey to Aleppo (10 Tbps). This paperproposes and rigorously evaluates a hybrid edge cloud architecture comprising three regional edge nodes (Damascus, Aleppo,and Coastal) and a central cloud in Homs, all interconnected via an ultra-high-speed domestic backbone (10 Tbps). Usinganalytical models and simulations, researchers demonstrate that edge nodes reduce end-to-end latency to <0.5 ms locally (10–20× improvement over cloud-only), cut backbone traffic by 99% through intelligent preprocessing, and ensure full compliancewith the Syrian data residency law (Law No. 12/2016).

10 - August - 2026

This paper proposes the SilkLink Project, an integrated digital corridor and hyperscale data center (HDC) inSyria’s Homs Gap, to restore the historical Silk Road land bridge as a resilient, low-latency, and energy-efficientintercontinental data transit route. We employ a mixed-method approach that uniquely combines: (i) historical geographicinformation system (GIS) trade-route analysis (ORBIS) to validate the corridor’s efficiency; (ii) thermodynamic simulationsusing NASA POWER (2020–2025) hourly data to quantify free-air cooling potential and calculate power usage effectiveness(PUE); (iii) graph-based latency modelling with Dijkstra’s algorithm on a 58-node fiber network augmented with the proposedSilkLink topology; (iv) discrete-event network simulations (NS-3) to evaluate resilient routing protocols (SDN with SegmentRouting over G.654.E fiber) under link failures; and (v) financial models estimating net present value (NPV) and levelizedcost of data.

3 - July - 2026

Current ICT infrastructures operate predominantly as reactive data conduits, lacking the cognitive agility required to autonomously interpret context, adapt to dynamic network conditions, and self-optimize for sustainability in the face of exponentially growing device density and security threats. The convergence of agentic artificial intelligence (AI), 6Gendogenous intelligence, and stringent carbon-neutrality mandates necessitates a fundamental architectural shift from "connected systems" to "intelligent ICT systems" capable of self-perception, reasoning, and orchestration. This paper proposes comprehensive conceptual architectural framework grounded in cognitive theory and ITU-T standards, extended with formal Markov Decision Process (MDP) models for multi-agent coordination.

2 - April - 2026

This paper proposes the SilkLink Project, an integrated digital corridor and hyperscale data center (HDC) inSyria’s Homs Gap, to restore the historical Silk Road land bridge as a resilient, low-latency, and energy-efficientintercontinental data transit route. We employ a mixed-method approach that uniquely combines: (i) historical geographicinformation system (GIS) trade-route analysis (ORBIS) to validate the corridor’s efficiency; (ii) thermodynamic simulationsusing NASA POWER (2020–2025) hourly data to quantify free-air cooling potential and calculate power usage effectiveness(PUE); (iii) graph-based latency modelling with Dijkstra’s algorithm on a 58-node fiber network augmented with the proposedSilkLink topology; (iv) discrete-event network simulations (NS-3) to evaluate resilient routing protocols (SDN with SegmentRouting over G.654.E fiber) under link failures; and (v) financial models estimating net present value (NPV) and levelizedcost of data.

3 - July - 2026

potential (solar in Palmyra, wind in Homs, and hydro on the Euphrates) to support post-conflict reconstruction following $120 billion in grid losses. Results indicate that solar and wind projects offer low-cost energy alternatives compared to expensive diesel generators, while drought and transboundary issues limit hydropower. The study recommends integrating these resources into Syria’s reconstruction framework for energy security and sustainable development

7 - June - 2026

Syria's ongoing conflict has severely damaged infrastructure and the economy, hindering reconstruction efforts. This paper proposes a multi-dimensional framework leveraging blockchain technology for transparent aid coordination, immutable land registries, and efficient public financial management based on empirical humanitarian deployments.

15 - August - 2026

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) merges quantum computing and deep learning by leveraging phenomena like superposition and entanglement to offer theoretical processing advantages. However, practical implementation remains constrained by noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware limitations and error rates

15 - August - 2026

Unsupervised learning (UL) serves as the cornerstone for exploring data and discovering hidden patterns without labeled examples, and this paper delivers a rigorous, technically deep survey covering foundational concepts like density estimation and latent variable models. The survey comprehensively reviews clustering algorithms such as K-means and DBSCAN, dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA, UMAP, and autoencoders, alongside association rule mining and anomaly detection methods like isolation forests. Furthermore, it analyzes key evaluation metrics including the silhouette score and reconstruction loss, while highlighting modern advances such as contrastive learning, VAEs, and GANs. Ultimately, the text presents real-world case studies spanning customer segmentation and recommender systems, providing a practical decision framework for algorithm selection based on data characteristics along with a benchmarking methodology for fair comparison.

5 - June - 2026

1 - January - 2023

1 - January - 2021

1 - January - 2013

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1 - January - 2012

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1 - January - 2011

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1 - January - 2020

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